已收到：09-Sep-20121接受日期：2021年9月23日；发布：30-2021

引用：Mayuka B.环境可持续的化学。J Environ Chem Toxicol 2021;5（5）：1。

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看法

“绿色化学”的概念是在1990年代初在科学界建立的，并迅速被大众媒体作为化学方法的新方法，与污染和清洁策略相反，被认为是常规工业技术。这个概念迅速获得了知名度，众多研究机构，书籍和期刊采用了它，尽管并非总是以相同的方式。美国环境保护署（EPA）将“绿色化学”定义为“化学对污染控制和设计更环保的化学产品和过程的设计”。EPA确定了以下绿色化学的关键领域。使用替代合成途径（例如，光化学和仿生合成等自然过程，或更良性和可再生的替代原料类似的生物量）。替代反应条件（例如，使用对人类健康和环境影响较低的溶剂），或者随着较低的废物和排放量提高选择性。

Design of environment friendly chemicals (less toxic than current alternatives or inherently safer with regard to accident potential). “Sustainable chemistry” is a term that is sometimes opposed to and confused with “green chemistry.” The terminologies differ significantly: while green chemistry implies the existence of a non-hazardous and polluting chemical manufacturing process, the sustainable chemistry notion connects eco-efficiency, economic growth, and quality of life in terms of a cost/benefit analysis. The sustainable chemistry approach emphasizes the concept of long-term risk, implying that there is no such thing as excellent “green chemistry” in contrast to dirty chemistry, but rather that any chemical process has a risk associated with it. The role of chemists and engineers is to limit this danger and lower the environmental damage to a level that the environment can support, ensuring a good quality of life. When one examines the changes that have occurred in the chemical industry over the previous two decades, it is clear that all new processes launched were motivated by a desire to reduce environmental effect or hazardous hazards, as well as achieve greater resource use.

However, none of the modifications would have been possible without improved process economics, which included environmental and social factors in the cost calculation. Some instances of eco-efficient alternatives to standard processes are provided, along with the relevant terms features of the processes in terms of sustainable and environment. Environmental protection does not have to be at odds with economic growth, but the application of new and improved chemical technologies is required to combine these two aspects, which would otherwise be at odds. R&D is thus essential for long-term development. Furthermore, recent examples show that innovative efficient and environmentally processes can provide organizations with the possibility to achieve new position in the market.

催化作用是一个重要的和关键的仪器or accomplishing social and economic goals. Atom economy is the basic concept of green chemistry and a synthetic efficiency parameter. Sheldon’s E factor (environmental factor) notion would be preferred. The E factor is the ratio (kg/kg) of by-products to products, defined as everything except the desired product. Oil refining (around 0.1), bulk chemicals (1–5 range), and medicines are examples of typical values (up to 100). By multiplying the E factor by an environmental Quotient (Q) based on the type of the waste, a weighted factor that allows the degree of “green chemistry” content of a chemical product to be identified can be obtained. This is a common concept in the “green chemistry” world, although it is not very exact. It is better to employ more stringent approaches, such as the CTSA procedure described above. Because these qualities correspond to an improvement in process economics, industrial processes have evolved from the beginning to make better use of resources and improve selectivity. The synthesis of maleic anhydride is an example of this method. Around 15–20 years ago, the benzene-based catalytic process was changed with one dependent on butane.